Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Social behavior and anxiety contribute to nicotine self-administration in adolescent outbred rats

doi: 10.1101/257097

Figure Lengend Snippet: Rats received 5 intravenously nicotine injections (30 μ g/kg) one day after the progressive ratio test. Blood samples were withdrawn 3 h after the last injection. Plasma cotinine levels were measured using a rat ELISA assay.

Article Snippet: Plasma cotinine levels were measured using a rat ELISA assay (Calbiotech).

Techniques: Injection, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Article Title: Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein Mediates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation Involved in the Susceptibility to Ischemic Acute Kidney Injury in Diabetes

doi: 10.1155/2016/2386068

Figure Lengend Snippet: STZ-induced diabetes induces TXNIP expression and NLRP3 inflammasome activation following I/R 48. TXNIP expression was examined by IHC (a), representative blots (b), and quantitative analysis of Western blots for TXNIP (c), NLRP3 (d) and pro-caspase-1 and cleaved caspase-1 (e-f), and release of IL-1 β and IL-18 by ELISA (g-h). The data in (c–h) are means ± SE ( n = 5). ★ P < 0.05 versus NS group; # P < 0.05 versus DS group; ▲ P < 0.05 versus NI/R group; & P < 0.05 versus DI/R group. NS and DS: nondiabetic and STZ-induced diabetic rats were subjected to sham operation. NI/R and DI/R: nondiabetic and STZ-induced diabetic rats were subjected to 25 min ischemia followed by 48 h reperfusion. DI/R-RES: STZ-induced diabetic rats that underwent I/R were treated with RES (10 mg/kg, ip daily) for 7 consecutive days before renal ischemia-reperfusion.

Article Snippet: IL-1 β and IL-18 levels in kidney were assessed using a rat ELISA kit (Elabscience Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China) according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Expressing, Activation Assay, Western Blot, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Military Medical Research

Article Title: Oral administration of asparagine and 3-indolepropionic acid prolongs survival time of rats with traumatic colon injury

doi: 10.1186/s40779-022-00397-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: TCI induces acute dysfunctions of the rat intestine. a ELISA to detect indicator concentrations of rats in the naïve ( n = 15), sham ( n = 15) and TCI ( n = 13) groups. b IHC analysis to detect ZO-1 and occludin expression in the intestinal tissues at distances of 1 cm, 3 cm and 5 cm from the lesions. The histograms of IHC scores are on the right of IHC pictures. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001, ns non-significant. TCI traumatic colon injury, IL-6 interleukin-6, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α, DAO diamine oxidase, ZO-1 zonula occludens 1, IHC immunohistochemical, ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Article Snippet: ELISA kits for rat tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, Abbkine, Wuhan, China), interleukin-6 (IL-6, Abbkine), diamine oxidase (DAO, Enzyme-linked Biotechnology, Shanghai, China), D-lactate (Nanjing Jiancheng, Jiangsu, China) and endotoxin (Enzyme-linked Biotechnology) were used to detect the levels of the corresponding indicators according to the manufacturer’s protocols.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing, Immunohistochemical staining

Journal: Military Medical Research

Article Title: Oral administration of asparagine and 3-indolepropionic acid prolongs survival time of rats with traumatic colon injury

doi: 10.1186/s40779-022-00397-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Coadministration of Asn and IPA ameliorates intestinal homeostasis dysregulation induced by TCI. a The flow diagram to depict the experimental processes of preparing rats with TCI that were administered with vehicle, Asn, IPA or Asn plus IPA ( n = 10 per group). b The survival curve to show the survival time of the rats as in a . c ELISA to detect indicator concentrations of rats with sham operation that were administered with vehicle ( n = 10) and TCI rats that were administered with vehicle ( n = 9), Asn ( n = 10), IPA ( n = 10) or Asn plus IPA ( n = 10). d The IHC analysis to detect ZO-1 and occludin expression in intestinal tissues of rats as in c . The histograms of IHC scores are below IHC pictures. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001, ns non-significant. TCI traumatic colon injury, Asn asparagine, IPA 3-indolepropionic acid, IL-6 interleukin-6, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α, DAO diamine oxidase, ZO-1 zonula occludens 1, ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, IHC immunohistochemical

Article Snippet: ELISA kits for rat tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, Abbkine, Wuhan, China), interleukin-6 (IL-6, Abbkine), diamine oxidase (DAO, Enzyme-linked Biotechnology, Shanghai, China), D-lactate (Nanjing Jiancheng, Jiangsu, China) and endotoxin (Enzyme-linked Biotechnology) were used to detect the levels of the corresponding indicators according to the manufacturer’s protocols.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing, Immunohistochemical staining

Journal: Military Medical Research

Article Title: Oral administration of asparagine and 3-indolepropionic acid prolongs survival time of rats with traumatic colon injury

doi: 10.1186/s40779-022-00397-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Asn plus IPA regimen facilitates intestinal homeostasis recovery by activating Akt signaling in the intestinal epithelium. a The pie charts to show the proportions of protein phosphorylation sites that are enriched in PI3K/Akt pathway among the sites with significantly altered phosphorylation levels (FC ≥ 1.3 or FC ≤ 0.7). b The antibody microarray images to show the landscape of detected protein expression and phosphorylation. Akt Thr308 phosphorylation levels are compared between vehicle, Asn and IPA groups. c Western blotting analysis to show protein expression and phosphorylation of intestinal epithelium of rats that received indicated treatment. d The flow diagram to depict the experimental processes of preparing rats with TCI that were administered with vehicle, MK-2206, Asn plus IPA or Asn plus IPA and MK-2206 ( n = 15 per group). e The survival curve to show the survival time of the rats as in d . f Western blotting analysis to show protein expression and phosphorylation of intestinal epithelium of rats with sham operation that were administered with vehicle ( n = 15) and TCI rats that were administered with vehicle ( n = 12), Asn plus IPA ( n = 15) or Asn plus IPA and MK-2206 ( n = 13). g – m The ELISA to detect indicator concentrations of rats as in f . * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001, ns non-significant. TCI traumatic colon injury, Asn asparagine, IPA 3-indolepropionic acid, IL-6 interleukin-6, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α, DAO diamine oxidase, mTOR mammalian target of rapamycin, CREB cAMP-response element binding protein, ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, POD post-operative day

Article Snippet: ELISA kits for rat tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, Abbkine, Wuhan, China), interleukin-6 (IL-6, Abbkine), diamine oxidase (DAO, Enzyme-linked Biotechnology, Shanghai, China), D-lactate (Nanjing Jiancheng, Jiangsu, China) and endotoxin (Enzyme-linked Biotechnology) were used to detect the levels of the corresponding indicators according to the manufacturer’s protocols.

Techniques: Phospho-proteomics, Microarray, Expressing, Western Blot, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Binding Assay